The Manufacturing of

Glass Bottles Global

Standards Operation Process

for Sustainability Purpose

 (SOP Version Year 2022)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. Glass Bottles & Our Environment

The aim of the glass bottles global standards operation process is to give confidence to all nitrile.com global clients regarding their quality and manufacturing process concern when they order glass bottles, lids and goods safety delivery solutions and use of water or carbonated beverage glass bottles made by conventional techniques and covering the normal methods of bottling and distribution. If it is intended to depart from normal practice, either in container design or manufacture, or in filling, packaging, distribution or marketing, then any necessary additional control and precautions must be discussed between the parties involved.

 

Glass bottles of a nominal capacity of greater than 1.15 litre (1150ml) are not recommended for packaging water or carbonated drinks. Glass bottles are not recommended for packaging water or carbonated drinks or where carbonation pressures exceed 4.7 bars, except in the case of refillable bottles with a nominal capacity no greater than 180 ml, where carbonation pressure up to 5.3 bars may be used.

 

This official document also addresses the responsibility of nitrile.com glass manufacturers regarding carbon reduction production, global quality standards and green recyclable policies of nitrile.com factories, including International Standards (ISO), American Standards (ASTM), British, European, International Standards (BS EN ISO) and Japan Industrial Standards (JIS);  

 

Moreover, if the glass bottle product is defective when its safety is not such as persons are generally entitled to expect. When deciding whether a product is defective, the way in which the product is marketed, the instructions and warnings accompanying it, and what might reasonably be expected to be done with it. In the case of carbonated beverages in particular, nitrile.com recommends that all packages for water or carbonated drinks, should carry a guidance note to advise the retailer and consumer that the contents of the package are pressurized and should be handled with care.

 

Lastly, nitrile.com is keen to pay attention to the recycle of waste problem of glass beverage bottles. Doing so will not only save our limited landfill space but also help us to turn waste into a resource. As you read this document, you will see how our past efforts have led us to the current stage. As always, we welcome your views. We also call on your support - only with that can we create a sustainable global solution for glass beverage bottles.

 

 

   2. Glass Manufacturing

Commercially produced glass can be classified as soda-lime, lead, fused silica, borosilicate, or 96 percent silica. Soda-lime glass, since it constitutes 77 percent of total glass production, is discussed here. Soda-lime glass consists of sand, limestone, soda ash, and cullet (broken glass).  The manufacture of such glass is in four phases: (1) preparation of raw material, (2) melting in a furnace, (3) forming and (4) finishing. Figure 11. 15- 1 is a diagram for typical glass manufacturing.

The products of this industry are flat glass, container glass, and pressed and blown glass.  The procedures for manufacturing glass are the same for all products except forming and finishing. Container glass and pressed and blown glass, 51 and 25 percent respectively of total soda-lime glass production, use pressing, blowing or pressing and blowing to form the desired product. Flat glass, which is the remainder, is formed by float, drawing, or rolling processes.

As the sand, limestone, and soda ash raw materials are received, they are crushed and stored in separate elevated bins. These materials are then transferred through a gravity feed system to a weigher and mixer, where the material is mixed with cullet to ensure homogeneous melting. The mixture is conveyed to a batch storage bin where it is held until dropped into the feeder to the melting furnace. All equipment used in handling and preparing the raw material is housed separately from the furnace and is usually referred to as the batch plant.  Figure 11.15-2 is a flow diagram of a typical batch plant.

The furnace most commonly used is a continuous regenerative furnace capable of producing between 45 and 272 megagrams (Mg) (50 and 300 tons) of glass per day.  A furnace may have either side or end ports that connect brick checkers to the inside of the melter. The purpose of brick checkers (Figure 11. 15-3 and Figure 11. 15-4) is to conserve fuel by collecting furnace exhaust gas heat that, when the air flow is reversed, is used to preheat the furnace combustion air. As material enters the melting furnace through the feeder, it floats on the top of the molten glass already in the furnace.   As it melts, it passes to the front of the melter and eventually flows through a throat leading to the refiner. In the refiner, the molten glass is heat conditioned for delivery to the forming process. Figures 11. 15-3 and 11. 15-4 show side port and end port regenerative furnaces.

After refining, the molten glass leaves the furnace through forehearths (except in the float process, with molten glass moving directly to the tin bath) and goes to be shaped by pressing, blowing, pressing and blowing, drawing, rolling, or floating to produce the desired product.  

 

Pressing and blowing are performed mechanically, using blank molds and glass cut into sections (gobs) by a set of shears. In the drawing process, molten glass is drawn upward in a sheet through rollers, with thickness of the sheet determined by the speed of the draw and the configuration of the draw bar. The rolling process is similar to the drawing process except that the glass is drawn horizontally on plain or patterned rollers and, for plate glass, requires grinding and polishing. The float process is different, having a molten tin bath over which the glass is drawn and formed into a finely finished surface requiring no grinding or polishing.  The end product undergoes finishing (decorating or coating) and annealing (removing unwanted stress areas in the glass) as required, and is then inspected and prepared for shipment to market. Any damaged or undesirable glass is transferred back to the batch plant to be used as cullet.

 

Figure 11.15-1 Typical Glass Manufacturing Process

 

 

 

Figure 11.15-2 General Diagram of a Batch Plant

 

 

 

 

Figure 11.15-3 Side Port Continuous Regenerative Furnace

 

 

 

Figure 11.15-4 End Port Continuous Regenerative Furnace

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Glass Manufacturing Standards
   1. International Standards (ISO)

ISO 718: 1990 – Laboratory glassware – thermal shock and thermal shock endurance – test methods ISO 719: 1985 – Glass – hydrolytic resistance of glass grains at 98oC – Method of test and classification
ISO 842: 1984 – Raw materials for paints and varnishes – sampling

Withdrawn, replaced by ISO 15528: 2013

ISO 4531: 1998 - Vitreous and porcelain enamels - release of lead and cadmium from enamelled ware in contact with food
Part 1: - Method of test
Part 2: - Permissible limits

ISO 4802 – 2016 – Hydrolytic resistance of the interior surfaces of glass containers Part 1: Determination by titration method and classification
Part 2: Determination by flame spectrometry and classification

ISO 6486: 1999 – Ceramic and glass-ceramic ware in contact with food. release of lead and cadmium
Part 1: 1999 – Methods of test
Part 2: 1999 – Permissible limits

ISO 7086: 2000 – Glassware and glass ceramic ware in contact with food – release of lead and cadmium
Part 1: Method of test
Part 2: Permissible limits

ISO 8424: 1996 - Raw optical glass - resistance to attack by aqueous acidic solutions at 25 deg c - test method and classification

ISO 9058: 2008 – Glass containers. standard tolerances for bottles

ISO 9100: 2005 – Glass containers – vacuum lug finishes Part 1: General
Part 5: 43 and 48 Regular
Part 6: 53 and 58 Regular

Part 7: 58 Deep
Part 8: 63, 66 and 70 Regular Part 9: 63, 66 and 70 Deep Part 10: 77 Regular
Part 11: 82 Regular
Part 12: 89 Regular

Part 13: 100 Regular
Part 14: 110 Regular
ISO 10629: 1996 - Raw optical glass - resistance to attack by aqueous alkaline solutions at 50 deg c - Test method and classification

ISO 11418: 201 – Containers and accessories for pharmaceutical preparations Part 1: 2016 - Drop dispensing

Part 2: 2016 - Alpha sirop
Part 3: 2016 - Veral

Part 4: 2005 - Tablet
Part 5: 2015 - Dropper assemblies
Part 7: 2016 - Screw-neck vials made of glass tubing for liquid dosage forms

1. 2. American Standards (ASTM)

The new version of the ASTM Book of Standards, Volume 15.02 2017, Glass; Ceramic Whitewares, has recently been published. A copy is available in the British Glass Library.

ASTM C: 146 94a – 2014 - Standard test methods for chemical analysis of glass sand

ASTM C: 147 2015 – Test methods for internal pressure test on glass containers

ASTM C: 148 – 2017 – Standard test methods for polariscopic examination of glass containers

ASTM C: 149 – 2014– Test methods for thermal shock resistance of glass containers

ASTM C: 158 – 2012 –Strength of glass by flexure (determination of modulus of rupture)

ASTM C: 169 - 2016 – Chemical analysis of soda-lime and borosilicate glass

ASTM C: 224 – 2014 - Standard practice for sampling glass containers

ASTM C: 225 – 2014 - Standard test methods for resistance of glass containers to chemical attack

ASTM C: 429 – 2016 - Sieve analysis of raw materials for glass manufacture

ASTM C: 621 - 2014 Standard test method for isothermal corrosion resistance of refractories to molten glass

ASTM C: 623 - 2015 Standard test method for young's modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio for glass and glass-ceramics by resonance

ASTM C: 657 - 2013 Standard test method for D-C volume resistivity of glass
ASTM C: 675 – 2016 – Alkali Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable Beverage Glass Containers

ASTM C 676 - 2014 - Standard test method for detergent resistance of ceramic decorations on glass tableware

ASTM C: 693 - 2013 Standard test method for density of glass by buoyancy
ASTM C: 770 - 2016 - Standard test method for measurement of glass stress-optical coefficient

ASTM C 730 – 2013 - Standard test method for Knoop indentation hardness of glass

ASTM C 735 - 2014 Standard test method for acid resistance of ceramic decorations on returnable beer and beverage glass containers

ASTM C 777 - 2014 Standard test method for sulfide resistance of ceramic decorations on glass ASTM E 787 – 2017 Standard specification for disposable glass micro blood collection pipets

ASTM C: 813 – 2014 Standard test method for hydrophobic contamination on glass by contact angle measurement

ASTM C: 824 – 2015 -Specimen preparation for determination of linear thermal expansion of vitreous glass enamels and glass enamel frits by the dilatometer method.

ASTM C: 829 – 81: 2015 - Standard practices for measurement of liquidus temperature of glass by the gradient furnace method

ASTM C: 912 – 2013

Standard practice for designing a process for cleaning technical glasses

ASTM C 927 –2014 Standard test method for lead and cadmium extracted from the lip and rim area of glass tumblers externally decorated with ceramic glass enamels

ASTM C: 965 – 2017 – Measuring viscosity of glass above the softening point
ASTM C 1223 - 2014 Standard test method for testing of glass exudation from azs fusion-cast refractories

ASTM C: 1256 2013 – Practice for interpreting glass fracture surface features

ASTM C: 1350M – 2013

Standard test method for measurement of viscosity of glass between softening point and annealing range (approximately 108 pa•s to approximately 1013 pa•s) by beam bending (metric)

ASTM C: 1606 – 2014 Standard test method for sampling protocol for tclp testing of container glassware

ASTM C: 1624 – 2015 Adhesion strength and mechanical failure modes of ceramic coating by quantitative scratch testing

ASTM D, E and F Series
ASTM D: 1155 - 2013 – Standard test method for roundness of glass spheres
ASTM D: 1214 – 10: 2015 - Standard test method for sieve analysis of glass spheres

ASTM E288 – 10 (2017) - Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks

ASTM E708 – 79 (2017) - Standard Specification for Waste Glass as a Raw Material for the Manufacture of Glass Containers

ASTM E787 - 81(2017) - Standard Specification for Disposable Glass Micro Blood Collection Pipets ASTM E: 714 – 2015 - Standard specification for disposable glass serological pipets

ASTM E: 824 – 2015 - Standard practice for specimen preparation for determination of linear thermal expansion of vitreous glass enamels and glass enamel frits by the dilatometer method

ASTM E: 890 – 2015 Standard specification for disposable glass culture tubes

ASTM E: 923 – 2013 - Standard specification for glass Westergren tube, reusable

ASTM E: 960 – 2013 - Standard specification for laboratory glass beakers

ASTM E: 982 – 2015 - Standard specification for laboratory glass test tubes

ASTM E: 1047 – 2015 - Standard specification for blood sedimentation tube, Wintrobe, glass, disposable

ASTM E: 1094 – 2015 - Standard specification for pharmaceutical glass graduates

ASTM E: 1214 E1 – 2015 - Standard test method for sieve analysis of glass spheres

ASTM E: 1356 – 2014 - Standard test method for assignment of the glass transition temperatures by differential scanning calorimetry

ASTM E: 1403 – 97 2013 - Standard specification for laboratory glass boiling flasks

ASTM E: 1404 – 94 2013 - Standard specification for laboratory glass conical flasks

ASTM F: 2179 - 2014 – Annealed soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are produced for use as candle containers

ASTM F: 2179 - 2014 – Annealed soda-lime-silicate glass containers that are produced for use as candle containers

ASTM F2980 – 13 2017 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Heavy Metals in Glass by Field Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)

ASTM C1606 - 10(2018). -Standard Test Method for Sampling Protocol for TCLP Testing of Container Glassware.

ASTM C735 - 04(2019). -Standard Test Method for Acid Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable Beer and Beverage Glass Containers.

 

3.3 British, European, International Standards (BS EN ISO)

BS EN ISO 385: 2005 – Laboratory glassware – burettes (supersedes BS 846:1985)
BS EN ISO 648: 2008 – Laboratory glassware – single volume pipettes (current, under review) BS EN ISO 835: 2007 – Laboratory glassware – graduated pipettes
BS EN ISO 1042: 2000 – Laboratory glassware – one-mark volumetric flasks

BS EN ISO 1938 – Geometrical product specifications (gps) dimensional measuring equipment Part 1:2015 - Plain limit gauges of linear size
Part 2:2017 Reference disk gauges

BS EN ISO 2233: 2001 – Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads – conditioning for testing BS EN ISO 2244: 2002 – Packaging Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads – horizontal impact tests

BS EN ISO 2247: 2002 – Packaging – complete, filled transport packages and unit loads – vibration tests at fixed low frequency

BS EN ISO 2873: 2002 – Packaging – complete, filled transport packages and unit loads – low pressure test

BS EN ISO 3611: 2010 - Specification for external micrometres

BS EN ISO 3819: 2015 Laboratory glassware – beakers

BS EN ISO 4787: 2011 – Laboratory glassware – volumetric instruments – methods for testing of capacity and for use (replaces BS 1798 and BS 6696)

BS EN ISO 4788: 2005 – Laboratory glassware. graduated measuring cylinders (supersedes BS 604: 1982)

BS EN ISO 4796: 2016 – Laboratory glassware – bottles Part 1: Screw-neck bottles (2016)
Part 2: Conical neck bottles (2001)
Part 3: Aspirator bottles (2001)

BS EN ISO 6414: 1995 (1996) – Technical drawings for glassware
BS EN ISO 3696: 1995 – Water for analytical laboratory use. specifications and test methods. BS EN ISO 7458: 2004 – Glass containers. internal pressure resistance. test methods

BS EN ISO 7459: 2004 – Glass containers. thermal shock resistance and thermal shock endurance.

TEST METHODS:  

BS EN ISO 8106: 2004 – Glass containers – determination of capacity by gravimetric method – test method

BS EN ISO 8113: 2004 – Glass containers. resistance to vertical load. test method

BS EN ISO 8362: Injection containers for injectables and accessories
Part 1: 2009+A1:2015 – Injection vials made of glass tubing
Part 3: 2010 Aluminum caps for injection vials (current, under review)

Part 4: 2003 Injection vials made of moulded glass

Withdrawn replaced by part 1

BS EN ISO 8536 – Infusion equipment for medical use Part 1: 2011 - Infusion glass bottles

BS EN ISO 8362: 2009+A1 2015 – Injection containers for injectables and accessories part 1: injection vials made of glass tubing

BS EN ISO 9000: 2015 - Quality management and quality assurance standards – fundamentals and vocabulary

BS EN ISO 9100 – Glass Containers
Part 1: Vacuum lug finishes General
Part 3: Vacuum lug finishes. 38 regular Part 5: Vacuum lug finishes. 43 and 48 Part 6: Vacuum lug finishes. 53 and 58 Part 7: Vacuum lug finishes. 58 deep
Part 8: Vacuum lug finishes. 63, 66 and 70 Part 9: Vacuum lug finishes. 63, 66 and 70 Part 10: Vacuum lug finishes. 77 regular Part 11: Vacuum lug finishes. 82 regular Part 12: Vacuum lug finishes. 89 regular Part 13: Vacuum lug finishes. 100 regular Part 14: Vacuum lug finishes. 110 regular

BS EN ISO 9100-14:2005 Glass containers. Vacuum lug finishes. 110 regular
BS EN ISO 9163: 2005 – Textile Glass. Rovings. Manufacture of test specimens and determination of tensile strength of impregnated rovings

BS EN ISO 9187 Injection equipment for medical use Part 1: 2010 Ampoules for Injectables
Part 2: 2010 One-point-cut (OPC) ampoules

BS EN ISO 10882– Health and safety in welding and allied processes – sampling of airborne particles and gases in the operator’s breathing zone
Part 1: 2011 Sampling of airborne particles
Part 2: 2000 Sampling of gases

BS EN ISO 11664: 2016 - Colourimetry
Part 5: CIE 1976 L*u*v* Colour space and U’, V’, uniform chromaticity scale diagram Part 4: (2008) - CIE 1976 L*a*b* Colour space

BS EN ISO 12048: 2001 – Packaging
Complete, filled transport packages – compression and stacking tests using a compression tester

BS EN ISO 13042 - Machines and plants for the manufacture, treatment and processing of hollow glass –
Part 1: 2007+A1:2009. Safety requirements. gob feeder
Part 2: 2004+A1: 2009 - Safety requirements. Handling machines for feeding

Part 3: 2007+A1:2009 – Safety requirements. IS machines Part 5: 2003+A1:2009- Safety requirements. Presses

BS EN ISO 13355: 2016– Packaging - complete, filled transport packages and unit loads – Vertical random vibration test

BS EN ISO 13355: 2016 – Packaging – complete, filled transport packages and unit loads – Vertical random vibration test

BS EN ISO 13385: 2011

Part 1: Geometrical product specifications (GPS). dimensional measuring equipment. callipers: design and metrological characteristics
Part 2: Geometrical product specifications (GPS). dimensional measuring equipment. calliper depth gauges. design and metrological characteristics

BS EN ISO 14001: 2015 – Environmental management systems. requirements with guidance for use BS EN ISO 14021: 2016 – Environmental labels and declarations – self declared environmental claims (Type II, environmental labelling)

BS EN ISO 15004: 1998 – Ophthalmic instruments – fundamental requirements and test methods withdrawn, replaced by BS EN ISO 15004-2:2007
Ophthalmic instruments. fundamental requirements and test methods. light hazard protection

BS EN ISO 16104: 2003 – Packaging – transport packaging for dangerous goods – test methods Withdrawn, replaced by BS EN ISO 16495:2013
Packaging. Transport packaging for dangerous goods. Test methods

BS EN ISO 17025: 2005 – General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (current, work in hand)

BS EN ISO 21078-1: 2008 - Determination of boron (111) Oxide in refractory products. Part 1. Determination of total boric oxide in oxidic materials for ceramics, glass and glazes

BS EN 12726:2018. -Packaging. Cork mouth finish with a bore diameter of 18,5 mm for corks and tamper evident capsules.

BS EN 17177:2019. -Glass packaging. Crown cap. 26 mm diameter, 6 mm height crown cap.

 

 

4. Main Inspection & Test Methods
   1. Test methods for internal pressure test on glass containers
      1. Abstract

These test methods cover the determination of the breaking strength of glass containers when subjected to internal pressure. These test methods are intended to determine the pressure strength of containers manufactured to contain products reasonably expected to develop a sustained pressure after processing. Two test methods are covered as follows: Test Method A - application of uniform internal pressure for a predetermined period and Test Method B - Application of internal pressure increasing at a predetermined constant rate.

 

1. 1. 2. Scope

These test methods cover the determination of the breaking strength of glass containers when subjected to internal pressure. These test methods are intended to determine the pressure strength of containers manufactured to contain products reasonably expected to develop a sustained pressure of 138 kPa (20 psi) or greater, after processing. Two test methods are covered as follows:

Test Method A—Application of Uniform Internal Pressure for a Predetermined Period 5-7                                        Test Method B—Application of Internal Pressure Increasing at a  Predetermined Constant Rate 8-10                                  

1) The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

2) This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

 

1. 2. Test methods for thermal shock resistance of glass containers
      1. Abstract

This test method covers the determination of the relative thermal shock resistance of commercial bottles and jars and is intended to apply to all types of glass containers that are required to withstand sudden changes in temperature in service. The test apparatus consists essentially of a basket for holding the glassware upright, a hot water tank, a cold water tank, and a timed means for immersing and transferring the basket from the hot to the cold bath. Indicating controllers or dial thermometers should be used to maintain the temperatures of the baths. Test procedures included in this specification include pass tests, progressive tests to a predetermined percent of breakage, total progressive tests, and high-level tests.

1. 1. 2. Scope

1) This test method covers the determination of the relative resistance of commercial glass containers (bottles and jars) to thermal shock and is intended to apply to all types of glass containers that are required to withstand sudden temperature changes (thermal shock) in service such as in washing, pasteurization, or hot pack processes, or in being transferred from a warm to a colder medium or vice versa.

2) The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

3) This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

4) Strength of glass by flexure (determination of modulus of rupture)

 

1. 3. Test methods for thermal shock resistance of glass containers
      1. Scope

These test methods cover the determination of the modulus of rupture in bending of glass and glass-ceramics. These test methods are applicable to annealed and prestressed glasses and glass-ceramics available in varied forms. Alternative test methods are described; the test method used shall be determined by the purpose of the test and geometric characteristics of specimens representative of the material.

1) Test Method A is a test for modulus of rupture of flat glass.

2) Test Method B is a comparative test for modulus of rupture of glass and glass-ceramics.

3) The test methods appear in the following order:

4) This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 10 and A1.5, A2.3.3, A2.4.3 and A2.5.3.

Test Method A        6 to 9

Test Method B       10 to 15

5) This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

 

 

5. Weekly Quantity Confirmation Chart

 

Product Date		Week1	Week2	Week3	Week4
Jiangsu Factory A	Machine No. 1	0	0	0	0
	Machine No.2	0	0	0	0
Jiangsu Factory B	Machine No. 1	0	0	0	0
	Machine No.2	0	0	0	0
Jiangsu Factory C	Machine No. 1	0	0	0	0
	Machine No.2	0	0	0	0
Guangdong Factory A	Machine No. 1	0	0	0	0
	Machine No.2	0	0	0	0
	Machine No.3	0	0	0	0
Guangdong Factory B	Machine No.1	0	0	0	0
	Machine No.2	0	0	0	0
	Machine No.3	0	0	0	0
Total Amount		0	0	0	0

 

 

6. Factory Production Capacities

             

No.	Factories	Products Option	Monthly Capacity
1	Jiangsu Factory A	330ml/500ml/800ml	5 millions/month
2	Jiangsu Factory B	330ml/500ml/800ml	7 millions/month
3	Jiangsu Factory C	330ml/500ml/800ml	7 millions/month
4	Guangdong Factory A	330ml/500ml/800ml	6 millions/month
5	Guangdong Factory B	330ml/500ml/800ml	5 millions/month
Total Capacity			30  illions/month

 

7. Our Eco Responsibilities

With a long-term awareness of environmental protection, nitrile.com aim to become a leader in maintaining sustainable development in the field of glass bottle of carbon neutralization production, and we build advantages of our eco responsibilities;

(a) Achieve a high recovery rate: International experience indicates that mandatory PRSs on glass beverage bottles could achieve a recovery rate ranging from 60% to close to 100%. As a start, we expect that about 80% of all waste glass beverage bottles generated;

(b) Provide a convenient collection system: An annual tonnage of 38,000 means a daily throughput of over 100 tones. That exceeds the combined monthly capacity of all existing voluntary programs. We need more easily accessible collection facilities, including recycle bins specifically designed for glass collection. nitrile.com is also looking for operating several regional collection points to facilitate disposal glass for clients in different country;

(c) Maintain high treatment standards: nitrile.com will set standards and promote professionalism, so that the handling of waste glass beverage bottles will be environmentally sound from collection to transportation to recycling facilities;

 

8. Creation of A Circular Economy

International experience indicates that mandatory recycling program on glass beverage bottles could achieve a recovery rate ranging from 60% to close to 100%. In those Asian jurisdictions described, at least 70% recovery has been achieved. As a start from nitrile.com, we estimate that 50,000 tones could be collected annually from nitrile.com upon successful implementation of our recycling program initiative accounting for about 70% of the glass beverage bottles. This would require a sizable expansion of the current scale of recycling operations and would facilitate the creation of a circular economy.